Background and objective: Robotic spine surgery represents an advanced evolution of neuroimaging in spine surgeries. It assists and augments human actions, particularly in precision-demanding surgical fields, such as spine surgeries. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using electronic databases, including Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ResearchGate, and Keywords included "robotic spine surgery," "computer-assisted neurosurgery," "image-guided spine surgery, and robotic spine fixation. A total of 80 studies were screened, with 60 full-text articles reviewed in-depth. Conclusion: Overall, current evidence suggests that robot-assisted spine surgery offers promising clinical benefits and a positive and promising experience, enhancing both the effectiveness and safety of patient care. Its implementation requires close collaboration with biomedical engineers and structured training for the surgical team. The key elements for successful outcomes include meticulous preoperative planning and the high precision of the robotic system. Continuous improvements in algorithmic performance open the door to major innovations such as intraoperative customization of rods and real-time decision-support tools for spinal alignment correction. Keywords: Computer-assisted spine surgery, Image-guided spine surgery, Spine-robotics, Advanced technology in spine surgery, Robot-assisted spine surgery, Learning curve, Innovation

Background/Objectives: The biomechanics of spinal loading remain complex and incompletely understood. During spinal loading, and at different spine positions, there are changes of angles between each part of the spine to keep the normal spine curvature and function. The aim is to understand these changes which may help in clinical and surgical ways Methods: A prospective analysis study of 80 patients admitted to our hospital for reasons other than lower back pain, who underwent routine spine screening with whole–body imaging. The spine was conducted looking at: the relations of the vertebral body-pedicle long axis to the long axis of the facet joint, and long axis of pars interarticularis, Aso the ties of the disc space height long axis to the long axis of the facet joint, and long axis of the pars interarticularis, using CT spine (mainly sagittal view cuts) while supine position. The height of the disc space at different levels is also measured and compared to these angles to find the normal variations between them. Results: Our results show that the normal variant between each angle measured at each spinal segment and at different levels is different in the supine position, so we suggested that during spinal loading, and at different spine positions, these angles will be changed to keep the normal spine curvature and function. The Clinical implications of these measures may help to understand the normal angles and direction of screw placement during spinal fixation to preserve the normal curvature and dynamic. Conclusion: This study proposes the "Segmental Pressure Distribution Theory," which offers a new model to explain how mechanical forces are transmitted and distributed across each spinal segment during various physiological movements. And proposing that the whole spine’s dynamic motion and alignment depend on the dynamic relationships among each spinal segment. This Theory offers a novel framework to understand spine biomechanics by quantifying it as a segmental angular relationship. It holds promises for enhancing diagnostic precision and surgical planning, especially during spinal fixation.